Evaporators

The process of evaporation is used widely in the chemical and process industry, and for a variety of purposes. These include the concentration of solutions (often as a precursor to crystallization of the solute), revaporization of liquefied gases, refrigeration applications (cooling or chilling), and generation of pure and mixed vapors for process applications. The term evaporators is usually reserved vapors for the first of these applications, namely the evaporation of the solvent from a solution in order to concentrate the solution. Evaporators may be classified into falling film evaporators (in which evaporation takes place from the film interface with no nucleate boiling at the wall), nucleate boiling evaporators(in which wall nucleate boiling occurs over part or all of the heat transfer surface), flash evaporators and direct contact evaporators.

A different kind of evaporator can be used for heating and possibly boiling a product containing a liquid to cause the liquid to evaporate from the product.

The appropriate process can be used to remove water or other liquids from liquid based mixtures. The process of evaporation is widely used to concentrate liquid foods, such as soup or make concentrated milk called “condensed milk” done by evaporating water from the milk. In the concentration process, the goal of evaporation is to vaporize most of the water from a solution which contains the desired product.

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